Which term describes the metal's ability to resist deformation when a load is applied?

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Think about how much load a metal can take before it deforms permanently. The term that captures that ability is strength. Strength describes how well a material resists stress before it yields or fails under load. Elasticity is about reversible, non-permanent deformation; plasticity is permanent deformation after unloading; hardness is resistance to surface indentation. So the concept that best describes resisting deformation under applied load is strength.